Planes

Description

Axis

Description

Movements

Frontal

Runs side to side dividing the body into front and back halves

Sagittal

Runs front to back intersecting the frontal plane at a right angle

Abduction and adduction

Sagittal

Runs front to back dividing the body into right and left halves

Frontal

Runs side to side intersecting the sagittal plane at a right angle

Flexion, extension, and hyperextension

Transverse

Runs parallel to the ground dividing the body into upper and lower halves

Vertical

Runs up and down intersecting the transverse plane at a right angle.

Internal and external rotation